modelling of pollution and pollution abatement. We derive two key insights. First, if the national government implements a … permit system (equivalently, pollution taxes) that allow for emissions as in the first-best, cities chosen by local …-best emission policy and extensions to city asymmetries, a fiscal externality, local pollution, generalized commuting costs and …

This paper presents a first model integrating the relation between biodiversity loss and zoonose pandemic risks in a … preserve a greater quantity of biodiversity, thus decreasing the probability of a pandemic occurring, and second (mitigation … biodiversity conservation is shown to be more relevant for more “forward looking” societies, with a small discount rate and a high …

We study the impact of short-term exposure to ambient air pollution on the spread and severity of COVID-19 in Germany … patients (80+ years): higher levels of air pollution by one standard deviation 3 to 12 days after developing symptoms increase … deaths by 30 percent (males) and 35 percent (females) of the mean. In addition, air pollution raises the number of confirmed …

We use worldwide satellite data to analyse how population size and density affect urban pollution. We find that density … significantly increases pollution exposure. Looking only at urban areas, we find that population size affects exposure more than … itself. We analyse heterogeneity by geography and income levels. By and large, the influence of population on pol-lution is …