temporal side of the different processes interacting to produce a change in the structure of the language. That is, the rate of … import and dissipation of new elements is seen in relation to the rate at which a language absorbs such new elements into its … how the structural type of a language might influence its rate of adaptation of the external innovations and how the …

Can political leaders change constituents' beliefs? If so, is it rhetoric, identity, or the interaction of the two that … messages. Our findings show that both leader messages and sources matter. Holding messages fixed, leaders persuade when …

-country language skills and educational attainment? We exploit the exogenous placement of guest workers from five ethnicities across … exposure to a higher own-ethnic concentration impairs immigrant children’s host-country language proficiency and increases … school dropout. A key mediating factor for this effect is parents’ lower speaking proficiency in the host-country language …

strongly increases concerns about educational inequality but only slightly affects support for equity-oriented education …

exogenously shifted participants’ beliefs about refugees’ education level through information provision. Consistent with economic … theory, we find that beliefs about refugees’ education significantly affect concerns about labor market competition. These …

career paths and shift their focus from occupations that require university education towards those that require a high …