The definition of inequality is complicated and difficult to assess, and there are various means by which it is … evaluated. This study uses the now well-accepted measures of body mass, height, and weight to assess inequality’s relationship … inversely related to body mass, however positively related to weight. Because weight increased with age and age inequality, the …

inequality under nuclear family arrangements. Pooling mortality risks with equal treatment of all children may fend off, or even …

Employment contributes to reduce the risk of poverty. Through a randomized controlled trial, we evaluate the impact of …

Although women earn approximately 50 percent of science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) bachelor’s degrees …, more than 70 percent of scientists and engineers are men. We explore a potential determinant of this STEM gender gap using …

women and men during US economic development. Throughout the late 19th and early 20th centuries, female and male BMIs … weights heavier than workers in other occupations. Women and men from the Northeast and Middle Atlantic had higher BMIs and …

This paper investigates how high school gender composition affects students' participation in STEM at college. Using … Danish administrative data, we exploit idiosyncratic within-school variation in gender composition. We find that having a … larger proportion of female peers reduces women's probability of enrolling in and graduating from STEM programs. Men's STEM …

This is the first global study of how institutionally entrenched gender discrimination affects the gender migration gap … derived from a random utility maximization model of migration that accounts for migrants’ gender. Instrumental variable … estimates indicate that increasing gender equality in economic or political rights generally deepens the GMG, i.e., it reduces …

This paper examines the measurement of social welfare, poverty and inequality taking into account reference … differences between standard poverty and inequality measures based on observed income and measures that are calculated based on …

that reflects current net nutrition. This study uses a difference-in-decompositions framework to analyze how women's BMIs … improved the relative status of women relative to both men before and after the transition to social feminism. Twentieth … century women's BMIs were higher than 19th century women relative to men with the rise of social feminism. The primary source …