estimation of a conditional convergence model. In general, reliance on natural resource exports slows growth, but we find that …

, their wholesale national gas markets are highly heterogeneous. We study the determinants of cross-country convergence of … pairwise, relative and σ-convergence. We show that there is evidence of pairwise price convergence and that some key … the existence of a convergence process. This result carries over to the notion of σ-convergence and is robust to a number …