We develop a multi-agent model of the education production function where investments of students, parents, and … survey data and a mandate to randomly assign students to classrooms. Consistent with our model, we show that exposure to …

-achieving students. The reduction in learning time was not larger for children from lower-educated parents, but it was larger for boys … collect detailed time-use information on students before and during the school closures in a survey of 1,099 parents in … argue that low-achieving students may be particularly affected by the lack of educator support during school closures. We …

ideal for investigating this question. There, students are placed in exam schools based on a high-stakes national … large achievement gains and improved university placements for high achieving students. …

The COVID19 crisis has hit labor markets. School and child-care closures have put families with children in challenging … situations. We look at Germany and quantify the macroeconomic importance of working parents. We document that 26 percent of the … German workforce have children aged 14 or younger and estimate that 11 percent of workers and 8 percent of all working hours …

We examine the differential effects of Covid-19 and related restrictions on individuals with dependent children in … groups. In a difference-in-differences design, we compare the change for individuals with children to the change for … individuals without children, accounting for unrelated trends as well as potential survey mode and context effects. We find that …

and students' cognitive and socio-emotional development. The German panel evidence shows that children's learning time …If school closures and social-distancing experiences during the Covid-19 pandemic impeded children's skill development …, they may leave a lasting legacy in human capital. To understand the pandemic's effects on school children, this paper …

Children starting school at older ages consistently exhibit better educational outcomes. In this paper, we underscore … relatively younger children to special needs services. The effect is persistent throughout compulsory schooling, resulting in …

variables in empirical analyses of the determinants of income and welfare levels and growth rates. A final section investigates …

Children starting school at older ages consistently exhibit better educational outcomes. In this paper, we underscore … relatively younger children to special needs services. The effect is persistent throughout compulsory schooling, resulting in …

students in Michigan for the main analyses, and complement this with analyses from a state-year panel. The study employs … that ACT science scores improved by 0.2 points (or roughly 0.04 standard deviations) as a result of the MMC. Students who … impact on high school graduation for students who entered high school with the weakest academic preparation, but other …