We analyze whether globalization affects the composition of public expenditures for education by integrating arguments … towards lower education. In industrialized countries, on the other hand, globalization has an ambiguous effect on the …

trace cyclical deviations of real exchange rates from the productivity-driven equilibrium path. Panel estimations for the …

(industry) level by applying the Phillips-Sul (2007) tests for panel and club convergence. The main findings can be summarised … Telecommunication, both in a turn-around phase, and Gas & Oil and Technology, for which there is no panel convergence. Club convergence … tests reveal the existence of convergence clubs and divergent economies within the full panel, which explains why panel …

increases from the tradable to the non-tradable sector and to cause real wages to increase beyond productivity increases. Panel …

Central and Eastern Europe (CEEC-4) using both static and dynamic panel data approaches. Specifically, the system Generalized … Estimation Pooled - Hausman-Taylor (CCEPHT, Serlenga and Shin, 2007) are applied to analyse the effects of the agreement variable …. Our estimation results indicate a positive and significant impact of EA on trade flows. However, there is an asymmetric …