Continental Europe, implemented between 1936 and 1975. We assess the causal effect of education on the number of biological … children and the incidence of childlessness. We find surprising results for Continental Europe: the additional education …

mortality reductions. Using data from 19 compulsory schooling reforms implemented in Europe during the twentieth century, we …

mortality reductions. Using data from 19 compulsory schooling reforms implemented in Europe during the twentieth century, we …