Vietnam’s extensive social security system is claimed to have played a key role in the extraordinary poverty decline … well contributory pensions and social allowances reached the poor and to which extent these transfers affected poverty and … different types of transfers, we find that the impact of these transfers on poverty and inequality was low, due to low coverage …

program on poverty and inequality. Our estimates indicate that the VBSP was quite effective. Participation on average seemed … computations indicate that the program decreased the head count of poverty for its participants by almost four percentage points …. Similarly, the program decreased the poverty gap index and the poverty-severity index by almost twenty percent. The impact on …

known about the ultimate impact of informal loans on poverty and inequality. If informal credit is an important means to … decrease poverty, the government may want to reconsider its policy focus. Although it is possible to stimulate the availability …, and subsequently assess its impact on poverty and inequality. By using fixed-effect regressions with instrumental …