fairness principles, namely equality of opportunity and freedom from poverty, into a joint measure of unfair inequality. Two … inequality. Second, average unfair inequality doubles when complementing the ideal of an equal opportunity society with poverty …

Since the late 1970s, the price indices underlying the poverty lines in India have been updated using aggregate indices … consumption survey data. We propose an alternative approach that identifies poverty from consumer behaviour, based on the notion … higher levels of poverty in eastern India, and generally, smaller reductions in poverty from 2005 to 2010. Our poverty …

This paper examines the measurement of social welfare, poverty and inequality taking into account reference … differences between standard poverty and inequality measures based on observed income and measures that are calculated based on …

Most equivalence scales which are applied in research on poverty and inequality do not depend on income, although there … differing assessments of poverty and inequality under quite general conditions. German microdata will be used to demonstrate and …

of the poverty line. …