-run impact on investment in new and emerging technology firms. Our findings indicate negative post-GDPR effects on EU ventures …

-controlled migration, distinguishing between source developing and developed countries. We utilize free-movement within the EU to examine … the free migration regime and compare that to immigration into the EU from two other groups, developed and developing …

, regions, or countries. The enlargement of the EU or the introduction of the euro, however, can be looked upon as integration … that go along with EU integration along the border. Both at the urban and regional level, we find a beneficial influence of … the EU integration process as measured by the growth in population share along the integration borders, leading to an …

We examine the capital-market effects of changes in securities regulation in the European Union (EU) aimed at reducing … market abuse and increasing transparency. To estimate causal effects for the population of EU firms, we exploit that for … plausibly exogenous reasons, like national legislative procedures, EU countries adopted these directives at different times. We …