and Poland that with the new international division of labour emerging in Europe Austria, the high income country, is … specializing in the low skill intensive part of the value chain and Poland, the low income country, is specializing in the high … skill part. As a result, skilled workers in Austria are losing from outsourcing, while gaining in Poland. In Austria …

the effectiveness of such policies using changes in value-added tax (VAT) and household survey data for Poland. We find …

emerged in many European countries after World War I. We demonstrate that economic policy uncertainty was instrumental in … pushing a subset of European countries into hyperinflation shortly after the end of the war. Germany, Austria, Poland, and …

Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs), specifically the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland, and both the UK and …