Urbanization, Sanitation, and Mortality in the Progressive Era, 1899-1929 -- The Continuing Puzzle of Hypertension among African Americans: Developmental Origins and the Mid-century Socioeconomic Transformation -- Health and Safety vs. Freedom of Contract: The Tortured Path of Wage and Hours...

We present a multi-country theory of economic growth in which countries are connected by a network of mutual knowledge exchange. Knowledge in any country depends on the human capital of the countries it exchanges knowledge with. The diffusion of knowledge throughout the world explains a period...

This is Part 2 of a two-part paper which surveys the historical evidence on the role of institutions in economic growth. The paper provides a critical scrutiny of a number of stylized facts widely accepted in the growth literature. It shows that private-order institutions have not historically...

This is Part 1 of a two-part paper which surveys the historical evidence on the role of institutions in economic growth. The paper provides a critical scrutiny of a number of stylized facts widely accepted in the growth literature. It shows that private-order institutions have not historically...

Chapter 1: Introduction -- Chapter 2: Oil, Policy and Market Power -- Chapter 3: Looking at the Mirror: Early Days of the Oil Markets in the United States -- Chapter 4: From Competition to Monopoly -- Chapter 5: From Monopoly to Competition (Oil Markets Going Global) -- Chapter 6: Governments...

Chapter 1: Introduction Civilization and Lived Experience -- Part 1: The Quests that Created a New Western Civilization (and Destroyed Others): Crops, Climate, Calories -- Chapter 2: The 3-Cs: Crops, Climate, Calories -- Chapter 3: Crops and the Shaping of Civilizations -- Chapter 4: Climate:...

Preface -- 1. The Interwar Economic Crisis in Comparative Research Perspective -- 2. Limits of the Possible for Economic Policy Choice -- 3. Protectionism: A Safe Haven or Missed Opportunity? -- 4. Proto-Fordism: Seizing the Moment under Democracy -- 5. Neomercantilism, Mark I, under...

Chapter 1: Introduction -- Chapter 2. Capital -- Chapter 3. Credit -- Chapter 4. The Category of Capitalisation -- Chapter 5. Fictitious Capital -- Chapter 6. Speculative Capital -- Chapter 7. Private Banks -- Chapter 8. The Financial System and the State -- Chapter 9. Capital and the World...

Brain drain is a core economic policy problem for many developing countries today. Does relative inequality in source and destination countries influence the brain-drain phenomenon? We explore human capital selectivity during the period 1820-1909.We apply age heaping techniques to measure human...

The quality of life experienced by people in the past is one of the most important areas of historical enquiry, and the standard of living of populations is one of the leading measures of the economic performance of nations. Yet how accurate is the information on which these judgments are based?...