We model EU countries' bank ratings using financial variables and allowing for intercept and slope heterogeneity. Our … aim is to assess whether “old” and “new” EU countries are rated differently and to determine whether “new” ones are … intercepts) are a crucial determinant of ratings. Whilst “new” EU countries typically have lower ratings than “old” ones, after …

This paper analyses the trade balance effects of Europe agreements (EA) between the EU-15 and four new EU members from …

The paper scrutinizes the role of wages and capital flows for competitiveness in the new EU member states in the …

, we study the causality between government spending and revenue for the EU in the period 1960-2006. We find spend … Finland and the UK, and for several EU New Member States. Moreover, in the run-up to EMU there was some shifting away from a …

between the two imbalances for each country for the period 1970-2007, and for different EU and OECD country groupings. The …

We use a 3-step analysis to assess the sustainability of public finances in the EU27. Firstly, we perform the SURADF … and revenues via SUR analysis. While results imply that public finances were not unsustainable for the EU panel, fiscal …

We assess the sustainability of public finances in the EU15 using stationarity and cointegration analysis. Specifically … revenues. While sustainability may be lacking in individual cases, fiscal policy was overall sustainable both for the EU15 …