reporting acute problems of access to external finance. Using firm-level replies to the SME survey on access to finance, we use … young, confirming the fact that SMEs tend to suffer more when credit standards are tightened …

We study the sensitivity of banks' credit supply to small and medium size enterprises (SMEs) in the UK to banks … and bank headquarters). However, during the crisis, we find that SMEs with in their vicinity banks that have stronger …

This paper studies theoretically and empirically why and how labor policies may reduce productivity and employment in …

various performance indicators (unemployment, long-term unemployment, employment, activity rate). Our results confirm that … employment protection, higher taxes and larger economic burden represented by the minimum wage decrease employment and activity …

employment. In this context, the promotion of a concept called regional innovation system has recently become important in the EU … degrees of innovation promotion by the EU from one region to another. Since regional-policy strategies should have been … subject to a new orientation towards more innovation promotion, we are particularly interested in whether the EU’s co …

In this paper we examine the importance of financial and other obstacles to innovation in the Netherlands using … statistical information from the CIS 3.5 innovation survey. We report results on the effect of these obstacles on the firms …