This paper contributes to the analysis of central vs. decentral (firm-level) labour market negotiations. We argue that … during negotiations on a central scale employers and employees plausibly take output market effects into account, while they … behave competitively during firm-level negotiations. Assuming that in both cases the labour market conflict is settled …

post. We show that this is achieved by bilateral negotiations but not by auctions. Negotiations strictly outperforms … if the buyer's bargaining position is sufficiently strong. Moreover, we show that negotiations provide stronger … use of negotiations as a procurement mechanism in private industry …

products company to study the influence of small gifts on the outcome of business negotiations. We find that small gifts matter … of their negotiations. However, we also find that small gifts tend to be counterproductive when purchasing and sales …