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External Threat, Group Identity, and Support for Common Policies – The Effect of the Russian Invasion in Ukraine on European Union Identity

Gehring, Kai - 2020

A major theory from social psychology claims that external threats can strengthen group identities and cooperation. This paper exploits the Russian invasion in Ukraine 2014 as a sudden increase in the perceived military threat for eastern European Union member states, in particular for the...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012845147

Dynamics and Time Scope of Post War Recovery Required for Compensating Civil War Economic Losses

Nam, Chang Woon - 2013

Civil war is often caused by poverty, and further demolishes existing capital. Such a vicious circle is detrimental for economic development of countries experiencing civil war. Civil war may also contribute to creative destructions of traditional economic, social and political system, leading...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013077024

Early-Life Circumstances Predict Measures of Trust Among Adults : Evidence from Hunger Episodes in Post-War Germany

Hörl, Maximiliane - 2016

Can a major shock in childhood permanently shape trust? We consider a hunger episode in Germany after WWII and construct a measure of hunger exposure from official data on caloric rations set monthly by the occupying forces providing regional and temporal variation. We correlate hunger exposure...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012979593

The Causes of China's Great Famine, 1959-1961 : County-Level Evidence

Kasahara, Hiroyuki - 2018

This study provides evidence that the over-export of grains aggravated the severity of China's Great Famine. We collect county-level data for the 1953-1965 period on death rates, birth rates, amounts of grain procured, output of different types of grain, crop productivity, weather conditions,...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012927746

Effects of Prenatal and Early Life Malnutrition : Evidence from the Greek Famine

Neelsen, Sven; Stratmann, Thomas - 2021

This paper examines the long run education and labor market effects from early-life exposure to the Greek 1941-42 famine. Given the short duration of the famine, we can separately identify the famine effects for cohorts exposed in utero, during infancy and at one year of age. We find that...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013316222

Population Growth and Carbon Emissions

Casey, Gregory P. - 2017

We provide evidence that lower fertility can simultaneously increase income per capita and lower carbon emissions …, eliminating a trade-off central to most policies aimed at slowing global climate change. We estimate the effect of lower fertility … on carbon emissions accounting for the fact that changes in fertility patterns affect carbon emissions through three …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012965631

Can Financial Incentives Reduce the Baby Gap? Evidence from a Reform in Maternity Leave Benefits

Raute, Anna - 2017

To assess whether earnings-dependent maternity leave positively impacts fertility and narrows the baby gap between high … fertility up to 5 years post reform. In addition to demonstrating an up to 22% increase in the fertility of tertiary educated … versus low educated women, I find a positive, statistically significant effect of increased benefits on fertility, driven …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012946918

Global Demographic Change and Climate Policies

Gerlagh, Reyer - 2017

Between 1950 and 2017, world average life expectancy increased from below-50 to above-70, while the fertility rate …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012947882

Parental Leave, (In)Formal Childcare and Long-Term Child Outcomes

Danzer, Natalia - 2017

We provide a novel interpretation of the estimated treatment effects from evaluations of parental leave reforms. Accounting for the counterfactual mode of care is crucial in the analysis of child outcomes and potential mediators. We evaluate a large and generous parental leave extension in...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012953697

Fertility Effects of Child Benefits

Riphahn, Regina T. - 2017

benefits on fertility. While generally the reform increased child benefits, the exact amount of the increase varied by … household income and the number of children. We use these heterogeneities to identify their causal effects on fertility in a … fertility effects for higher as opposed to lower income couples deciding on a second birth …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012954600