destinations makes the firm more likely to export occasionally to some markets, thereby raising volatility. These results cast …

To understand the effects of trade policy uncertainty on firm-level export decisions, we study firm-product data on … export activities across firms, largely due to extensive margin entries and exits. In addition we document accompanying … prices entered the U.S. export market, while firms that had higher prices and provided lower quality products exited …

This paper investigates the economic returns to language skills and bilingualism. The analysis is staged in Kazakhstan …

-prudential indicators. The system will be tested using a case study referring to Kazakhstan. The main novelty of the study lies in designing … economic environment of Kazakhstan and in studying the interaction of these composite indicators. An additional innovation is …

This study concentrates on the signal approach for Kazakhstan. It focuses on the properties of individual indicators …

.g. most favored nation tariffs) and on the exporter side (e.g. export subsidies), even in the presence of exporter and … importer fixed effects. An important byproduct of our approach is that it can be used to recover estimates of the export … "Time to Export" as representative determinants of trade on the importer and on the exporter side, respectively. Our methods …