, rapidly narrowed the productivity gap with advanced economies. In contrast, in countries of the Commonwealth of Independent … States, which embarked on reforms later and contented with less depth, the productivity gap remains substantial. While the …

factor productivity growth–particularly among the less productive firms under private Chinese or foreign ownership, but not …

This paper argues that corruption in Russia is systemic in nature. Low wage levels of public officials provide strong … incentives to engage in corruption. As corruption is illegal, corrupt officials can be exposed any time, which enforces loyalty … towards the powers that be; thus corruption is a method of governance. We trace the systemic corruption back to the Mongolian …

model predicts the impact of different patterns of state ownership and/or political connectedness on firm productivity …, and total factor productivity (TFP) using firm-level data for China between 1998 and 2007. We find, consistent with the …

, rapidly narrowed the productivity gap with advanced economies. In contrast, in countries of the Commonwealth of Independent … States, which embarked on reforms later and contented with less depth, the productivity gap remains substantial. While the …

How to fight petty day-to-day corruption is a question often debated by politicians, by the public and in the economic … literature. Early studies have noted that a simple and well-known way to fight day-to-day corruption is to create competition … in a way that eliminates corruption. This is due to a tradeoff between corruption and compliance costs. More …