significant negative long run association between inflation and real GDP, which is suggestive of economic inefficiencies. Once the …

manipulate both international and domestic prices of resources, yet this policy is largely outside the disciplines of the WTO …. The instruments used include export taxes, price controls, production quotas, and domestic producer and consumer taxes …

This paper studies the relationship between export policy and food prices. We show that, when individuals are loss … complementarity between the price of food in international markets and export policy. Specifically, unilateral actions by exporting …, governments respond by imposing export restrictions (subsidies), thus exacerbating the initial shock and soliciting further export …

WTO negotiations deal predominantly with bound - besides applied - tariff rates. But, how can reductions in tariffs … formalizes the underlying interaction of risk, fixed export costs and firms’ market entry decisions based on techniques known …

latter, and shows that the availability of the private label option results in greater total export volumes and lower average …

We examine the gains from Chinese accession to the WTO. Using Arkolakis, Costinot, and Rodríguez-Clare (2012) we … provide a new quantitative welfare measure by dividing the manufacturing sector into import and export sub-sectors. We then … evaluate how the increased openness caused by China's accession to the WTO effects the importing and exporting sectors. We find …

endogenous, the LNG export benefit can drop by as much as 20-50% relative to the case of exogenous cost …

We study the effect of subsidies subject to export share requirements (ESR) that is, conditioned on a firm exporting at … provides greater protection for domestic firms than a standard unconditional export subsidy, albeit at a substantial welfare …

export price data combined with data on 32 WTO (World Trade Organization) accessions by developing countries and hundreds of … increase in export prices of differentiated goods. For WTO, this effect is captured by the developing countries that were … subject to rigorous WTO accession procedures. We also exploit the importance of the depth of an PTA and of its different …