. This suggests that the major shareholders of the IMF trade softer conditionality in return for political influence over the …Bailouts sponsored by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) are famous for their conditionality: in return for … finding a measure of political importance that is not plagued by endogeneity and obtaining data on IMF conditionality. We …

Using panel data for 188 countries over the period 1970-2002 this paper empirically analyzes the influence of the IMF … non-concessional IMF programs. Regarding voting coincidence with the US, World Bank (concessional and non …-concessional) loans have a significant impact, while the IMF has not. These results are robust to the inclusion of control variables and …

We analyze the influence of IMF and World Bank programs on political regime transitions. We develop an extended version …

-free loans through third-party guarantees and relationship lending, but also through modifying loan terms, such as reducing loan … relationship lending and they are more often used by formal financial institutions. …

foreign trade.Rüdiger Dornbusch passed away on July 25, 2002, before he was able to finalize the manuscript of his most …

Using panel data for 157 countries over the period 1999-2005 we empirically investigate the politics involved in IMF … find inflation forecasts are systematically biased downwards for countries with greater IMF loans outstanding relative to … GDP, indicating that the IMF engages in “defensive forecasting.” Countries with a fixed exchange rate regime also receive …