is a progression from u sing tariffs only to quotas, and to antidumping constraints (when quotas are jointly eliminated …This paper shows that governments have no incentive to introduce non-tariff barriers when they are free to set tariffs … but they do when tariffs are determined cooperatively. We then show three results. First, with trade liberalization, there …

country's relative size or relative average productivity. Furthermore, in the two-country Nash equilibrium, tariffs turn out … to be strategic substitutes. Small or poor economies set lower Nash tariffs than large or rich ones. Lower transportation … costs or smaller fixed market entry costs induce higher equilibrium tariffs and larger welfare losses relative to the case …

differ in basic structural parameters and may impose tariffs on imports of capital goods. Numerical experiments illustrate … adjustment dynamics that follow the use of tariffs. We show that countries that limit trade in capital goods can experience … region that applies tariffs. Substantial differences in the levels of innovation, consumption, output, and utility can appear …

Recent quantitative trade models treat import tariffs as pure cost shifters so that their effects are similar to … iceberg trade costs. We introduce revenue-generating import tariffs, which act as demand shifters, into the framework of … quantification based on countries' observed degrees of openness, tariff revenues, and on the gravity elasticities of tariffs and …

-unconstrained tariffs to enhance the size and performance of self-enforcing IEAs. We show that the size of stable IEAs shrinks when climate … coalitions are Stackelberg leaders and set tariffs in addition to their cap-and-trade schemes. Surprisingly, these smaller IEAs … reduce total emissions more effectively than the larger stable IEAs without tariffs. In the model with tariffs the signatory …

WTO negotiations deal predominantly with bound - besides applied - tariff rates. But, how can reductions in tariffs … from the real options literature; doing so we highlight the important role of bound tariffs at the extensive margin of … trade. We find that bound tariffs are more effective with higher risk destination markets, that a large binding overhang may …

Historically, tariffs have been an attractive policy tool to protect domestic industries. The benefits of such a policy …