explain why urbanization did not drive the economy to sustained growth. Our main contribution, validated by an estimated VAR … productivity. The analysis provides a picture of a trapped economy where urbanization was unable to trigger a persistent process of …

to shocks, the degree of urbanization and specialization. We take the Great Recession, the economic and financial crisis …-2012 period, we find that the degree and nature of regional urbanization and specialization are important drivers of the …

fixed effects and is robust to instrumenting urbanization. Province’s competition, urban amenities and dis-amenities, cost … capita account for 40 percent of the negative urbanization penalty. Our result cannot be explained by the presence of … markets, young entrepreneurs are able to reap-off the benefits of urbanization externalities: every 100,000-inhabitant …

This paper analyzes the impact of urbanization on CO2 emissions in developing countries, taking into account the … different for upper, middle, and low-income countries, urbanization shows a very different impact on emissions for low and lower …