. Biofuels have been blamed universally for recent increases in world food prices. Many studies have shown that these energy … prices. However, biofuels may increase aggregate world carbon emissions, due to leakage from lower oil prices and conversion …

pesticides are generally more stringent than under autarky. As a result, trade increases the price volatility of crops produced …

show that a greater reliance on foreign market sales increases the conditional volatility of firms' stock returns. The two … economically significant effect on firm-level volatility, although an increase in the intensity of sales through foreign affiliates … has a stronger effect on volatility than a similar change in firms' export intensity. We also uncover evidence consistent …

The volatility of unanticipated output growth in income per capita is detrimental to long-run development, controlling …. This effect is significant and robust over a wide range of specifications. We unravel the effects of volatility by opening … dependence, physical and institutional barriers to trade and associated policy shocks increase volatility sharply and harm growth …

unfavorable harvest shocks in other regions of the world significantly curtail domestic economic activity. The effects are much …

RFS on world food prices and their impact on household level consumption and wage incomes in India. We first develop a …, sugar and meat and dairy, which together provide almost 70% of Indian food calories. Our model predicts that world prices …

volatility of the basket. Although, in the past, RMB inclusion would have had negligible impact due to its limited weight, a much …