, the expenditure associated with military build-ups affects primarily the defense sector so that the resulting multiplier … powerful instrument for identifying government spending shocks. Furthermore, we show that the multiplier pertaining to non …-defense government spending is higher than the defense-spending multiplier estimated in the literature using military build-ups …

We estimate the fiscal multiplier associated with shocks to government spending. We consider increases in government … is reflected in the value taken by the fiscal multiplier. This result is obtained when we identify fiscal shocks by the …

multiplier. To this end we contrast two different ways to implement the ZLB in a New Keynesian model: the ZLB modeled as an … multiplier are not only due to differences in the timing assumption of government spending but also driven by the choice of the … ZLB modeling. Ceteris paribus, the impact multiplier is higher if the ZLB is modeled appropriately as a constraint …