on long-term child outcomes differ substantially according to the availability of formal childcare and the mother … provided by mothers (or formal institutions) is superior to informal care arrangements …

identification. On the return to work after the birth, mothers' wages drop by 3 to 5.7 per cent per year of leave. We find negative …This study investigates how the first childbirth affects the wage processes of highly attached women. We estimate a … flexible fixed effects wage regression model extended with post-birth fixed effects by the control function approach. Register …

We investigate how mother’s employment during childhood affects long term child outcomes. We utilize rich longitudinal … approach exploits the variation in exposure to a working mother that exists across older and younger siblings in different … family types. We compare sibling differences in families where the mother enters the labor force when the children are older …

concerned with how mothers’ mental and physical health is affected by whether they place their child in formal day care or not …. Furthermore, the effects of formal child care usage on mother-child interaction are examined. The analysis is based on data … indicate that mothers are in a worse physical condition if their children attend formal care, whereas no such effect is found …

This study examines the relationship between maternal behavior during pregnancy, birth outcomes, and early childhood … development. Specifically, in the context of four measures of maternal behavior during pregnancy (maternal smoking, drinking …, prenatal care, and maternal weight gain), three measures of birth outcome (gestational age, birth length, and birth weight …