delayed; and the average annual fuel price. The results show how fuel usage and carbon emissions depend on a small set of … an airline's total fuel usage to seven variables: the available ton miles of capacity (passengers plus freight and mail …) provided by the airline; the average seat capacity of its aircraft, average stage length (flight distance); average load factor …

This paper studies the effectiveness of building height limits as a policy to limit greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. It … shows that building height limits lead to urban sprawl and higher emissions from commuting. On the other hand, aggregate … housing consumption may decrease which reduces emissions from residential energy use. A numerical model is used to show that …

agreements (IEAs) when countries regulate carbon emissions either by taxes or caps. Regardless of whether coalitions play Nash or …

This paper is concerned with carbon price volatility and the underlying causes of large price movements in the European … emissions trading market. Based on the application of a combined jump-GARCH model the behavior of EUA prices is characterized …. The jump-GARCH model explains the unsteady carbon price movement well and, moreover, shows that between 40 and 60 percent …

This paper explores the effect of airline emissions charges on airfares, airline service quality, aircraft design … are derived by analyzing the effects of an increase in the effective price of fuel, which is the path by which emissions … charges will alter airline choices. The results show that emission charges will raise fares, reduce flight frequency, increase …

We test for pollution haven effects in outward foreign direct investment (FDI) for different sectors using a … country significantly attracts FDI. What is important for these pollution haven effects is not only regulation but also … enforcement of environmental policy. In contrast to earlier results, it is not only footloose industries that display pollution …

the ability of firms to substitute from carbon emissions into labor or capital …One country that tries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions may fear that other countries get a competitive advantage and … increase emissions (“leakage”). Estimates from computable general equilibrium (CGE) models such as Elliott et al (2010a …

We propose a simple mechanism providing incentives to reduce harmful emissions to their efficient level without …