stage of the patenting process and the interplay with the patent office. This is followed by considering the perspective of … the patent and trademark offices (PTOs), in particular, acknowledging the limited resources that are available to PTOs …

.S. “exhausts” all rights of the patentee to that item under the Patent Act. This decision goes against the Government's position … that a foreign sale authorized by the U.S. patentee should exhaust U.S. patent rights by default unless the patentee … distribution. PIE subjects the firms that source in the South and sell in the North to the risk of a patent infringement lawsuit …

in knowledge spillovers. Drawing on the NBER Patent Citations Database, we examine patent citations data at metropolitan … level within the U.S. and the 38 largest patent-cited countries outside the U.S. We present 3 key findings: First, we find … of cited patent, which implies that new knowledge faces the largest barriers to diffusion. However, over time, border and …

We develop a theory of innovation for entry and sale into oligopoly, and show that inventions of higher quality are …

lower than the social planner's benchmark, which suggests a role for patent policy. We focus on a “non-infringing inventive … instrument in the form of patent length policy …

innovate, harmonization toward narrower patent breadth may raise world welfare …We examine the Nash equilibria of a game where two national governments set patent breadth strategically. Broader … North can innovate, harmonization of patent breadth lowers welfare relative to the Nash equilibrium. When both countries can …

This paper develops a model of patent trolls to understand various litigation strategies employed by nonpracticing …

The doctrine of patent exhaustion implies that the authorized sale of patented goods “exhausts” the patent rights in …, in which the patent owner forfeits all rights upon an authorized sale, and presumptive exhaustion, in which the patent … owner may opt-out of exhaustion via contract. This paper offers the first economic model of domestic patent exhaustion that …

patentability standards at PTOs (Patent and Trademark Offices awarding so-called bad patents), not only “false innovators” have the … chance of being granted patents but also, and more interestingly, “true innovators” are forced to patent more intensively … distortions caused by bad patents. Moreover, we show that introducing a two-tiered patent system is unlikely to improve market …