regional model of the world economy, in which energy technical change is endogenous. The focus is on disembodied energy Ramp … different regions of the world? Does the speed of innovation increase? Or do free-riding incentives prevail and international …

in knowledge spillovers. Drawing on the NBER Patent Citations Database, we examine patent citations data at metropolitan … level within the U.S. and the 38 largest patent-cited countries outside the U.S. We present 3 key findings: First, we find … of cited patent, which implies that new knowledge faces the largest barriers to diffusion. However, over time, border and …

stage of the patenting process and the interplay with the patent office. This is followed by considering the perspective of … the patent and trademark offices (PTOs), in particular, acknowledging the limited resources that are available to PTOs …

.S. “exhausts” all rights of the patentee to that item under the Patent Act. This decision goes against the Government's position … that a foreign sale authorized by the U.S. patentee should exhaust U.S. patent rights by default unless the patentee … distribution. PIE subjects the firms that source in the South and sell in the North to the risk of a patent infringement lawsuit …

-run demand shocks. In this setup, the volatility of a firm's exports depends not only on the diversification of its destination … doubt on the commonly held belief that diversification must decrease volatility …

Excessive concentration increases national risk in an uncertain world. This paper views economic and political … diversification as an essential aspect of national risk management aimed at promoting efficiency, growth, and welfare. The paper first … presents economic and political diversification side by side in a cross-country framework and discusses how they interact and …