subject to lobbying, because now decisions are too sensitive to the preferences of the organised group …

create doubt about scientific information, we use a signaling model of interest-group lobbying in which the policymaker has … persuasion to imply that the NGO may be a radical extremist whose lobbying is not credible. The second involves the creation of a …

Using a model of repeated agency, we explain previously unexplained features of the real-world lobbying industry …. Lobbying is divided between direct representation by special interests to policymakers, and indirect representation where … analytical structure allows us to explain several trends in lobbying. For example, using the observation that in the U.S. over …

just signaling for active involvement in lobbying action, since we find evidence that actual meeting attendance has a …

of education complementary to their production. Lobbying is endogenous. We show that, if lobbying is not costly, both … social planner. However, if lobbying is costly, only one sector finds it profitable to offer monetary contribution and direct … resources towards the type of education required by its production. Which sector will engage in lobbying depends on relative …