in Eastern and Southern Europe are much lower than in Central and Northern European countries. We also investigate …

mortality reductions. Using data from 19 compulsory schooling reforms implemented in Europe during the twentieth century, we … example, report contradictory effects of education and compulsory schooling on mortality - ranging from zero to large … quantify the mean mortality effect and explore its dispersion across gender, time and countries. We find that men benefit from …

In this paper I survey and reinterpret the extensive literature on Europe's Great Depression. I argue that Europe could …

The paper compares the boom-and-bust cycles in Japan and Europe with respect to the reasons for excessive booms, the … well as gradual real income losses, the economic policy implication for Japan and Europe is the timely exit from the …