We test for pollution haven effects in outward foreign direct investment (FDI) for different sectors using a … country significantly attracts FDI. What is important for these pollution haven effects is not only regulation but also … enforcement of environmental policy. In contrast to earlier results, it is not only footloose industries that display pollution …

restore competitiveness, avoid carbon leakage, and reduce world carbon emissions. We analyze the effects of carbon tariffs on … massively shifted from these countries to industrialized countries and world carbon emissions decrease by 0.83 percent, with a … percent of the change on average, two thirds of the world reduction are due to the world scale effect …

either mitigate the health consequences of domestic pollution privately or reduce pollution collectively through public … ordinary citizens. The recognition that the health consequences of pollution can be dealt with privately at a cost adds an … private mitigation is feasible, inequality of incomes leads to an unequal distribution of the health burden of pollution (in …

This paper studies the formation of self-enforcing global environmental agreements in a world economy with …