start-up subsidy for unemployed individuals in Germany using propensity score matching under the CIA. Having access to rich …

Finnish payroll tax subsidy scheme, which is targeted at the employers of older, full-time, low-wage workers. The system …'s clear eligibility criteria open up an opportunity for a reliable estimation of the causal impacts of the subsidy, using a … difference-in-difference-in-differences approach. Our results indicate that the subsidy system had no effects on the employment …

from the steady state under current R&D subsidization in the US, the R&D subsidy should significantly jump upwards and then … slightly decrease over time. There is a negligible loss in welfare, however, from immediately setting the R&D subsidy to its …

framework that emphasizes commitment. We build a model where the policy-maker has a tariff and a production subsidy at its …