International migration flows largely reflect demographic patterns and economic opportunities. Migration flows increase … unemployment, low wages, and high population growth. Migration flows decrease in the geographic and cultural distance between the … potential origin and destination, and in other migration costs. To the extent that migrants are employed, immigration can …

locations within a country, when migration from one country to another is and is not possible. In a closed economy, a … are mobile, a tax on them induces little migration because the tax will reduce the rents on land inhabited by the rich. A …