environment, their agreements may be exempted from cartel law. To qualify, the public benefits must compensate consumers for … higher prices of the private good. We study the balancing involved in assessing a public interest-cartel in a public goods … Samuelson condition. The cartel will provide minimal public good for maximal overcharges. Nevertheless it is typically not …

theory to show how an interbank lending rates cartel can be sustained by preemptive portfolio changes. Exchange of … direction in which to rig the rate, however, their interests need to be sufficiently aligned. In this paper we develop cartel … in eligible transactions rigging to justify their submissions. As the cartel is not able to always find stable …

This paper sheds new light on the role of communication for cartel formation. Using machine learning to evaluate free … cartel formation and indirect attempts to collude tacitly. We document that firms are less likely to communicate explicitly … sanctions on communication reinforces the direct cartel-deterring effect of sanctions as collusion is more difficult to reach …