productivity shifts arising from migration-induced knowledge diffusion and increased workforce diversity. While we find evidence …

The economic consequences of migration are hotly debated and a main topic of recent populist movements across Europe … identification, we exploit a historical episode in the Polish migration history to Germany before the fall of the Iron Curtain and … construct a shift-share instrument. Our results differ from findings for high-skilled migration to the United States, which is …

robust to controlling for potentially endogenous return migration and labor force participation. Controls for fixed effects …

for theoretical models which predict different remittance time paths between return and permanent migrants. -- Migration … ; Remittances ; German Socio Economic Panel …