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evidence. In 2004, Estonia joined the European Union, which mandated that it withdraws from its FTA with Ukraine ("Uxit … panel estimations that trade volumes between Estonia and Ukraine fell by more than 20%. We find that withdrawing an FTA …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012421152
The implementation of European Union directives into national law is at the discretion of member states. We analyze incentives for member states to deviate from these directives when the European Commission may sue a defecting member state and rulings at the European Court of Justice (ECJ) are...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009722016
unemployment statistics. This paper analyzes microdata on detailed labor force survey responses in Russia, Romania, and Estonia to … alternative employment rates that are sharply higher in Russia but much lower in Romania and slightly lower in Estonia, and … alternative unemployment rates that are sharply higher in Romania and moderately higher in Estonia and Russia. -- alternative …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003278938
Why do workers change occupations? This paper investigates occupational mobility and its determinants following a large unexpected shock (communism's collapse in 1989.) Our calculations show that from 1989 to 1995 between 35 and 50 percent of Estonian workers changed occupations (classified at...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003793275
on the unconditional, down-flow grant system in Estonia. In particular the procedure of determining the total sum of … ; Estonia …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003887473
requirements of jobs in Estonia during the years 1997-2003. We find large wage penalties associated with the phenomenon of …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003970946
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003624512
The aim of the current paper is to estimate the need for new PhDs in the Estonian academic sector for the 5-year period 2007-2012 using a survey of employers, such as universities, institutions of applied higher education and research institutes. The doctoral workforce in all countries around...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003561646
Banking reform has proved to be one of the most problematic elements of economic transition in central and Eastern Europe. Therefore the paper considers the development of the Estonian banking sector and derives individual banks ́fragility scores during transition. To this end we use...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003300957
turbulence; a large economy with rigid labor markets, Poland, and a small open economy with increased flexibility, Estonia. We … unemployment compared to Estonia during the period of EU enlargement. Traditional labor market institutions (wage rigidity and …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009153578