subsidies complied with EU state aid rules, both in terms of effectiveness and competition. …

We propose an analysis of platform competition based on the academic literature with a view towards competition policy …. First, we discuss to which extent competition can emerge in digital markets and show which forms it can take. In particular … competition in platform markets. Second, we analyse competition policy issues and discuss how rules designed for standard markets …

Platform interoperability is considered a powerful tool to promote competition in digital markets when network effects … are at play. We study the effect of interoperability on competition between two ad-financed platforms, allowing for …

Using data from the US automobile market, we empirically examine the link between competition and innovation … interesting market to examine the link between competition and innovation. We use firm-level time-series data over a long horizon … relationship is reasonably non-linear; (2) higher market-wide competition results in an increase in patenting, and the relationship …

competition by a competitive fringe that produces low quality. We show that the brand manufacturer optimally provides a decoy good …

&D investment, and derive predictions on the effects of trust and competition on suppliers' investment and buyers' procurement … - but also with more competitive procurement: trust and rents from reduced supplier competition in the procurement process …