may even reduce welfare. The reason is that it crowds out proprietary innovation which on net may reduce total innovation … in the long run. These effects would be reinforced if philanthropical innovation diverted people from other productive …

This paper provides an integrated analysis of multinational companies’ global production and innovation. We establish … of production, basic innovation and applied innovation, under asymmetric complementarities across these three activities … and quality, and offshore innovation to more countries, including both countries with and without production affiliates …