short and long runs. Our main finding is the positive and robust role of EU institutional integration on long-term growth …

events heralded significant reforms of the EU’s governance and financial architecture. On the tail of these two crises, the … sequence of financial reforms has improved the sector’s ability to deal with major macro-financial shocks at the EU/euro area … that during the same period major developments within the EU non-bank financial sector were observed. The COVID19 crisis …