The world has pledged to protect 30 percent of its land and waters by 2030 to halt the rapid deterioration of critical ecosystems. We summarize the state of knowledge about the impacts of protected area policies, with a focus on deforestation and vegetation cover. We discuss critical issues...

Using a large sample of 47 countries from 2007 to 2022, we provide evidence that female political empowerment (FPE) is a critical determinant of green finance (green bonds). Our results remain robust when addressing concerns of cross-sectional dependence, omitted variable bias, alternative...