setting wages and determining work amenities. In the administrative data, we causally examine through which channels unions … estimate the career effects of labor union membership. In the survey, we show how workers perceive the role of unions in … influence worker outcomes, whether unions influence workers differently across their careers, and what the overall long …

it is generally successful in explaining bilateral financial flows. If the pension gap were to be financed through the …

This Selected Issues paper examines the long-term issues with pension expenditures in the Netherlands. The paper … highlights that the public pension for a single person is equal to 70 percent of the (statutory) minimum wage. The minimum wage … and public pensions thus move in lock-step; they are both by law indexed to contract wages in the private sector. This …

This Selected Issues paper on Chile assesses the long-term outlook of Chile’s private pension system. The paper …

This Selected Issues paper reviews developments during 2001–02 in the Belarusian pension system, and discusses … potential short- and medium-term reforms needed to put pension system finances on a sustainable path. The paper presents a short … overview of demographic trends and developments in Belarus and their impact on the pension system. It discusses the financial …

representation on the corporate board. However, these gains in wages and declines in earnings risk are not caused by worker …

using a generational accounting framework. A simulation of retirement incentives suggests that the pension system will …