This paper documents differences across higher-education courses in the coverage of frontier knowledge. Comparing the … text of 1.7M syllabi and 20M academic articles, we construct the "education-innovation gap," a syllabus's relative … proximity to old and new knowledge. We show that courses differ greatly in the extent to which they cover frontier knowledge …

impact of immigration on entrepreneurial activity. Immigrants, we hypothesize, facilitate innovation and entrepreneurship by … immigrants (even if they are not self-employed) may prove to be areas in which entrepreneurship and innovation are easier to …

Understanding the factors that may produce a sustained rate of innovation is important for promoting economic … development and growth. In this paper, we examine the role of human capital in firms' innovation by using a large sample of … small and medium sized cities. Patent applications are used as the measure of innovation. Human capital indicators used …

Tournaments are often used to improve performance in innovation contexts. Tournaments provide monetary incentives but …

innovation. These include both improvements in physical capital, such as smart grids to aid integration of intermittent … innovation and discuss the lessons learnt for policy. We then discuss the need for complementary innovation in both physical …