empirically investigate the dynamics and drivers of gender gaps in employment rates, wages and workhours during the pandemic … experienced a major decline in their employment rate and workhours, as well as gender segregation in the most affected industries …. Relying on Estonian Labour Force Survey data, we document that the pandemic has, if anything, reduced gender inequality in all …

labor and tackle the gender employment gap, but they are not sufficient for reducing the gender pay gap. … that the payroll tax cut generates long-lasting growth in female employment, reduces the time spent on welfare, and spurs … business growth, without crowding out male employment. By contrast, the tax cut does not raise net wages, suggesting that tax …

that mobility restrictions significantly decreased employment rates (−22.5%) and hourly wages (−74.1%) for workers in …Mobility restrictions have the potential to accelerate automation. Using difference-indifferences and triple …-differences empirical strategies, and leveraging cross-industry variation in mobility restrictions and within-industry variations in …

might affect employment in different ways. A policy shift toward a low-carbon green economy may create new and additional … crowding out of employment in other sectors. In addition, energy prices may increase owing to feed-in tariffs subsidizing …

probit models and find that after the reform there was no statistically significant change in the differential employment …-sector employees of this group after the reform. Moreover, the reform had no significant differential impact on employment terminations …

establishments (0-9 employees), subsidized Minijob employment comprises large shares of the work force, on average over 40 percent …. For these establishments, robust evidence shows that increasing the subsidization of Minijob employment crowds out non …-subsidized employment. Our results imply that Minijob employment in 2014 may have eliminated more than 0.5 million unsubsidized employment …

industrial robots, affect the demand for workers of different education, age, and gender. We do so by exploiting differences in …

We analyze the impact of the UK national minimum wage (NMW) on the employment of young workers. The previous literature …, we find a significant and negative employment effect for male workers at 21, which we believe to be an anticipation … effect on employment of young workers, with this effect possibly occurring already well in advance of reaching the threshold …

exposure to these automation technologies affects employment and wages across these different phases of their life cycle. We … find that the negligible long term impact of automation on employment conceals significant short term positive and negative … effects within phases of the technology life cycle. We also find that the negative impact of ICT investment on employment is …

generating employment opportunities subsequent to FTA. In particular, we show that, countering conventional wisdom, targeting …, employment impact of FTA may be more significant. …