establishments (0-9 employees), subsidized Minijob employment comprises large shares of the work force, on average over 40 percent …. For these establishments, robust evidence shows that increasing the subsidization of Minijob employment crowds out non …-subsidized employment. Our results imply that Minijob employment in 2014 may have eliminated more than 0.5 million unsubsidized employment …

lower tail. We further document substantial gender differences in average earnings and inequality over the life-cycle. While …

We study the short, medium, and longer run employment effects of a substantial change in the parental leave benefit …

immigration and a decline in collective bargaining successfully explain occupational employment patterns during the 1990s. …

behind the recent incredible rise in old age employment in Germany. …

differences in social mobility and persistence. -- equality of opportunity ; earnings inequality ; mobility ; circumstances …

and the Gottschalk (1996) method we investigate to what extent fathers' unemployment is causal for offsprings' employment …

between welfare receipt experienced in the parental household and subsequent own welfare receipt of young adults. In a second …