. We exploit firm-level panel data on product and process innovation activities in the United Kingdom and find that the … countries increased process innovation and reduced product innovation. This implies that the innovation response to labor supply …-skill intensity of firm production as well as firm size. In addition, the reduction in product innovation is lessened for firms whose …

costs. Research therefore repeatedly stressed the positive relationship between collaborative R&D and innovation performance … collaborative R&D projects in total R&D projects is associated with a higher probability of product innovation and with a higher … market success of new products. While we can confirm previous findings in terms of gains for innovation performance, we also …

We investigate whether appointing a middle management level affects startups’ innovation performance. Additional … consequential choices of startups. We argue that middle management is positively related to introducing product innovations because … suggest that the effectiveness of these mechanisms depends on the riskiness of a startup’s business opportunity. Based on a …