In this paper, sound public finances under the euro means sustainability in the long term instead of short- and medium …-term fiscal discipline. The challenges to sustainability are identified for the four largest euro area member states, and several … resort for a euro area government under liquidity shortage to prevent it from developing into a general financial crisis …

the bank has put its independence at risk. The bank’s vow to do “whatever it takes” to save the euro has added a second …

This paper studies the reaction of the mean and volatility of the euro-dollar exchange rate to statements of ECB … officials during the first years of EMU. We focus on statements on monetary policy and the (potential) strength of the euro. We …. In some cases there are effects of statements on the level of the euro-dollar rate. Efforts to talk up the euro have not …

The euro area crisis is the main external factor threatening the Swiss economy. In 2010 and 2011, the Swiss franc was … rapidly appreciating against the euro, causing a drop in exports, losses for the tourism business and a rise in unemployment …. This paper gives an overview of developments in the euro area and explains the reasons for the strength of the franc, the …

euro area, including the most recent developments during the coronavirus crisis. Several financial transmission channels … of euro area central banks are identified. It is found that differing fiscal policy stances which have interacted … the euro area. Since the European financial and debt crisis, public financing mechanisms and the unconventional monetary …