study the effect of naturalization on labor market outcomes of immigrants in Germany. We apply recent survey data and … market outcomes do not benefit significantly from naturalization. Naturalization reduces the risks of unemployment and …

immigrants' wages are the lowest of all workers due to their ineligibility for unemployment benefits and lower wage bargaining …, resulting in gains in terms of both employment and wages for natives, which does not hold for documented immigration. Stricter … immigration enforcement mutes job creation and raises the unemployment rate of all workers, having an even larger detrimental …

Germany has become the second-most important destination for migrants worldwide. Using all waves from the microcensus … employment gaps between immigrant and native men decline after arrival, they remain large for most cohorts; the average gap after … systematic trend. Still, economic conditions do matter, and employment collapsed in some cohorts after structural shocks hit the …

We investigate the wage assimilation of East Germans who migrated to West Germany after reunification (1990-1999). We … to West Germany who arrived at the same time. The analysis uses administrative as well as survey data. The results … suggest that East Germans faced significant initial earnings disadvantages in West Germany, even conditional on age and …

expectations and wages, and a significantly positive relationship between optimistic bias in job finding expectations and … search and matching model of the labor market. Removing the biases could substantially increase wages and expected lifetime … income in East Germany. The bias difference in labor market expectations explains part of the East-West German wage gap. …

risk of unemployment two years after the treatment. However, the effects are heterogeneous as to gender, age, education …

others cycle repeatedly in and out of employment. This paper explores the economic consequences of such heterogeneity. Using …

wages. We estimate a negative connection between establishments' wage cyclicality and their employment cyclicality, thereby … cycle. While wages of the median establishment are moderately procyclical, 36 percent of establishments have countercyclical …

-specifications, which are more pronounced for long-term works councilors. Moreover, we observe no wage premia in linear fixed-effects panel …

connections on hiring probabilities and re-employment outcomes of displaced workers in Portugal. We rely on rich matched employer …-level wages and enjoy greater job security although these advantages disappear over time. …