children with lower initial family incomes vs. children with higher initial family incomes. However, offsetting this effect …, our findings also suggest that as children grow up, changes in family income ranking over time are related to children …

In this paper, we provide estimates of the subjectively perceived cost of children depending on the extent of parental … with children in Germany. Our study confirms that the monetary cost of children is substantial and increases with parental … sizeable for families with children. …

, even though displacement episodes early in children’s lives have the largest impacts on household income (because they … persist for many years), displacement episodes occurring in the children’s teenage years have the largest effects on human … capital accumulation. We show that most of the effects operate through the intensive margin of schooling, and that children …

How do parents contend with threats to the health and survival of their children? Can the social safety net mitigate … diagnoses among Danish children with register data for affected and matched unaffected families. Parental income declines …' preferences to personally provide care for their children during the critical years following a severe health shock drive changes …

This paper studies the mechanisms and the extent to which parental wage risk passes through to children's skill … not work at all, time spent with children, and child-related expenditures, we find that income risk impacts skill … accumulation, permanently lowering children's skill levels. To the extent that making up for cognitive skill losses during …