Economic research shows that candidates have a higher chance of getting (re-)elected when they have the luck that the world economy does well even though this is beyond their control and unrelated to their competence. Psychological research demonstrates that candidates increase their chances if...

For decades, policy makers in both the public and private sectors have been concerned with the question: What is the impact of changes in federal R and D support on company-financed R and D expenditures? This is one of the first empirical studies at a micro level of this topic. The results,...

Existing theoretical models of research and development (R&D) treat R&D as a single economic activity. Once R&D terminates, the only way for the activity to resume is by assuming some exogenous changes in the basic parameters of the model, e.g., the distribution of technological advances. In...

Under an alternate assumption of the payoff function, we analyze Lee's dynamic game model of R&D rivalry. Both similarities and differences in the equilibrium results of the model are obtained. It is shown that both the reswitching property and the convergence property of R&D rivalry are robust...

Managers of research and development (R&D) programs are often confronted with questions of what determines R&D spending (i.e. R&D search intensity) and when R&D spending is unprofitable (i.e. Reservation Technology Level). Three determinants of R&D spending are identified: the current technology...

This study, based on detailed data obtained from carefully selected samples of about 200 Japanese and American firms, seems to be the first comprehensive empirical investigation of the differences between Japan and the United States in innovation cost and time. Whereas the Japanese have...

The introduction of new technologies in existing administrative and technical organizations usually represents a significant investment in equipment and training. A prudent manager will attempt to acquire the equipment needed fast enough to encourage its use while avoiding the inefficiencies of...