We study the impact of the Belgium lockdown on retail prices using a unique dataset tracking daily prices and …, retailers, products, and over time. We show that LP chains reacted the most to the lockdown with spatial heterogeneity. The …

incumbent manufacturer transfer profits to retailers. If entry is accommodated, upstream competition leads to fierce down …- stream competition and the breakdown of RPM. Hence, via RPM, retailers internalize the effect of accommodating entry on the … incumbent's profits. Retailers may prefer not to accommodate entry; and, if entry requires downstream accommodation, entry can …

competition. In this paper we provide the first empirical analysis of this relationship. We study Germany’s retail gasoline market … outcomes linked to competition. Because station-level adoption is endogenous, we use brand headquarter-level adoption decisions … increase by 28% in markets where both do. These results suggest that AI adoption has a significant effect on competition. …

We study how the introduction of private-label brands (PLs) affects retailers' prices, demand, and profits, explicitly …

wide variation in consumer demographics and the level of competition. Estimating a model of consumer demand reveals …

the competitive effects of two other big box retailers - Costco and Walmart-owned Sam's Club - are quite different. Using … Costco entry is associated with higher grocery prices at incumbent retailers, and that the effect is strongest in cities with …

restraints, thereby, soften retail competition--an impact also generated by resale price maintenance (RPM). However, by …

How do banks react to increased interbank competition? Recent banking theory offers conflicting predictions about the … impact of competition on bank orientation - i.e., the choice of relationship based versus transactional banking - and bank … industry specialization. We empirically investigate the impact of interbank competition on bank branch orientation and …

extent of competition from substitute products. I estimate that, in 2019, public corporations produced consumer surplus in …